On July 29, 2006, Dave Harris will give the sermon, titled, “The Time of Harvest.”
The services can be heard at www.cognetservices.org at 12:30 pm Pacific Time (which is 2:30 pm Central Time). Just click on Connect to Live Stream.
Preaching the Gospel and Feeding the Flock
A new member letter has been written and sent out. In the letter,
Edwin Pope discusses the terrible consequences of sin, which can be
seen in this world, and our collective and individual responsibilities.
A new StandingWatch program has been posted on the Web. It is titled, “War in the Middle East.” Set forth below is a brief summary:
We
are observing outright war in the Middle East, which was long in the
making. But its sudden outbreak surprised not only a few commentators.
It was caused by the ongoing provocations of the terrorist organization
Hezbollah, which is operating in Lebanon. Israel’s reaction, however,
has met the condemnation of the Vatican and many countries around the
world, with the notable exception of the USA and Canada. The real
causes for this present crisis are seldom mentioned, and one tragic
consequence of this war–as is the case with every war–is the
suffering of innocent civilians.
A new Study Guide for parents with children has been placed on the Web (under Literature/Study Tools). It is titled “Teaching the Bible to Children.”
You state in your booklet, "Jesus Christ–A Great Mystery," on pages 83 and 84, that the word for "Sabbath" in Matthew 28:1 is derived from the plural form of the Greek word (i.e., "sabbata") and should be translated "Sabbaths." However, the Greek Interlinear Translation shows that the Greek word is in the singular–"sabbaton," not "sabbata"–and it should therefore be translated in the singular ("Sabbath," not "Sabbaths"). Also, in the same phrase in Matthew 28:1, the Greek word for "week" is "sabbaton," but it seems to have nothing to do with the weekly Sabbath.
You are referring to the following statements in our above-mentioned booklet:
“In addition, Matthew 28:1 also reveals–correctly translated–that there were actually two ‘Sabbaths’ during the crucifixion week, a weekly Sabbath and an annual Sabbath. Cockrell points out: ‘Matthew makes it plain that two Sabbaths had passed since Jesus was crucified. The KJV [Authorized Version] has this rendering: “In the end of the Sabbath, as it began to dawn toward the first day of the week, came Mary Magdalene and the other Mary to see the sepulcher” (Matth. 28:1). On this verse nearly all translators have allowed tradition to control their translation. It is not “Sabbath” but “Sabbaths” in the Greek text (the genitive case and the plural number). The verse properly translated would read: “In the end of the Sabbaths…” This allows for an annual Sabbath on Thursday and a regular Sabbath on Saturday.
“The Fenton Bible renders this verse correctly as, ‘after the Sabbaths,’ and it includes the following footnote: ‘The Greek original is in the plural, “Sabbaths,” which is retained.’ Alfred Marshall’s Parallel New Testament in Greek and English likewise translate the clause as, ‘after the Sabbaths.’
“In the Greek, the word for ‘Sabbath’ in the clause, ‘after the Sabbath,’ is ‘sabbata.’ This is the plural form of ‘sabbaton,’ and it is translated elsewhere many times (but unfortunately, not always, and not consistently) in the plural. For instance, we read in Matthew 12:5 (Authorized Version): ‘… how that on the sabbath days [in Greek, ‘sabbata’] the priests in the temple profane the Sabbath [Greek, ‘sabbaton’]. Matthew 12:10 (AV) states: ‘”Is it lawful to heal on the sabbath days?”‘ The Greek is, ‘sabbata.’ Luke 4:31 (AV) reads: ‘… and taught them on the sabbath days [Greek, ‘sabbata.’].’ The New King James Bible translates this word quite accurately here as, ‘Sabbaths.’ Further examples can be found in Luke 6:2, 9; Colossians 2:16; and Acts 17:2.”
A good help in regard to the correct original Greek in the above-quoted Scriptures, including Matthew 28:1, can be found in Young’s Analytical Concordance to the Bible. It lists, under “Sabbath,” the Scriptures which use the word in the singular (“sabbaton”) and in the plural (“sabbata”). Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible is not helpful in this case, as it does not differentiate between the singular and the plural forms. Vine’s Expository Dictionary of New Testament Words is not extremely helpful, either. It does admit that the Greek word “sabbata” is the plural form, but it continues to state rather doubtful artificial reasons for the differentiation between the singular and the plural in the Greek. Quite inconsistently, however, the commentary does admit that the plural is used, and should be translated as such, in passages such as Matthew 12:5 and Acts 16:13.
Further research on the question reveals that the Authorized Version translates many times–but unfortunately not always–the plural for “Sabbaths” as “Sabbath days” (for instance, in Matthew 12:5, 10; Luke 4:31; Luke 6:2, 9; Colossians 2:16; and Acts 17:2). In the original Greek, there is no word for “days”–the correct translation should be “Sabbaths.” The New King James Bible translates most of these passages as “Sabbaths.”
To add to the confusion, the Greek word in Matthew 28:1 (The New King James Bible translates, quite inaccurately: “Now after the Sabbath…”) is “sabbaton,” but it is still the PLURAL form–not the singular form. In the Greek, the genitive plural form is used–and the genitive plural form of “sabbata” is “sabbaton.” In the Original, it says that it was “late on” or “in the end OF” the Sabbaths–that is, it was in the end OF SABBATON. Since SABBATON is here the genitive plural of SABBATA, it is still a plural expression, and in English, it must be correctly translated: “Now in the end of the Sabbaths…”
This shows, as we explain in our booklet, that there were actually TWO Sabbaths during the crucifixion week–a weekly Sabbath (the period from Friday sunset to Saturday sunset), and an annual Holy Day–the First Day of Unleavened Bread, which fell in that week on a Thursday–beginning with sunset on Wednesday. The women came to the grave at the end of the WEEKLY Sabbath, when the annual Sabbath had already ended and the weekly Sabbath was about to end.
In addition, it is correct that the word “week” in Matthew 28:1 is also derived from the Greek plural word for Sabbath, i.e. “SABBATA.” (Even though the Greek in Matthew 28:1 is “sabbaton,” it is again the genitive plural of “sabbata,” since it says, in the original Greek, “… as it was getting dusk toward the first day OF the week…”). Young’s Analytical Concordance of the Bible explains that the phrase “week” in Matthew 28:1 is to be understood as “from Sabbath to Sabbath”–that is, a week is composed of the time from one weekly Sabbath to the next weekly Sabbath. It is mostly used in the plural (“sabbata”), meaning “one OF Sabbaths,” signifying the first day AFTER the weekly Sabbath. Examples where the word “week” is translated from the Greek plural word for Sabbath (i.e., “sabbata”), can be found, in addition to Matthew 28:1, in Mark 16:2; Luke 24:1; John 20:1, 19; Acts 20:7; and 1 Corinthians 16:2.
In a few cases, such as Luke 18:12 and Mark 16:9, the Greek word for “week” is in the singular form for Sabbath (i.e., “sabbaton”). In Luke 18:12, the Pharisee claims that he is fasting “twice a week.” It literally says: “twice of the Sabbath”; that is, “twice in the days after the weekly Sabbath.”
Rather than abolishing the weekly and annual Sabbaths, the above-quoted examples show that the New Testament clearly upholds the sanctity of God’s weekly and annual Holy Days. For more information, please read our free booklet, “God’s Commanded Holy Days.”
Lead Writer: Norbert Link
To Lie or Not to Lie
In a recent article about an Associated Press-Ipsos poll, just over
half of those who took the survey said lying was never justified, YET
in the same exact poll nearly two-thirds said it was OK to lie in
particular situations. One “noted ethicist” even proclaimed that
he was a proponent of lying and we have a moral obligation to lie.
The
most dumbfounding aspect of this was that most would say that lying was
necessary at the most ludicrous of times: when asked about their
age; whether they were very sick; how someone looked in a dress;
etc.
Hopefully we can see how ridiculous this is, and
these things would not be an issue for us. But, what about the
tougher predicaments? What if we were faced with something of a more
dire nature? Is it OK for us to lie to save someone’s life or in
order to spare our own?
This is where some are more likely to go
off the rail. The short answer is no. We do not have the
prerogative to decide when we can lie. The Bible does not say
that it is OK to lie if a situation warrants it in our mind. To
believe that the Great God did not conceive of the dilemmas that we
would face when He asked us not to lie is to discount God and to lack
faith in Him.
It is a necessity to worship God in truth (John
4:24), and if we lie, it should go without saying that this is not of
the truth (1 John 2:21). If we consider ourselves to be followers of
what God instructs us in His Word, the Bible, we cannot lie to anyone,
at any time, about anything (Colossians 3:9).
If we are of God,
then we will keep His Word, the Truth. If we believe that we have
to lie, then we follow the originator of lying, the devil (John 8:44,
47). If we love and believe God and His Word, then we can rest assured
that all will work out for good (Romans 8:28).
In The Beginning, Part 3
On July 22, 2006, Norbert Link will give the sermon, titled, “In The Beginning, Part 3.”
The services can be heard at www.cognetservices.org at 12:30 pm Pacific Time (which is 2:30 pm Central Time). Just click on Connect to Live Stream.
Preaching the Gospel and Feeding the Flock
A new StandingWatch program was posted on the Web. It is titled: “Germany’s New Patriotism.” Set forth below is a summary of the program:
During
the Worldcup, Germans have re-discovered a love for their country and
its accomplishments. They feel proud again to be German. Most
commentators think that this is a good development. But Germany is
presently run by a weak and controversial government–a Grand
Coalition of the two biggest parties. The German press is outraged
about broken campaign promises, describing the government’s current
attempts to accomplish anything as a “declaration of political
bankruptcy” and “the big chaos.” Will and can Germany’s new-found
patriotism bring about an early change in government which is perceived
by many German citizens as becoming increasingly incompetent to rule
the nation?
Would you please explain Christ's statement in John 8:51?
In the passage in question, Jesus made the following comment:
“… if anyone keeps My word he shall never see death.”
He
elaborated on this statement in additional passages, such as John 8:52:
“… If anyone keeps My word he shall never taste death.” In referring
to our participation at the annual Passover service, He stated, in John
6:50, 58: “This is the bread which comes down from heaven, that one may
eat of it and not die… He who eats this bread will live forever.”
We
also read, in Hebrews 11:5, that ancient Enoch “was taken away so that
he did not see death.” But this does not mean that Enoch did not die.
We are told, in Hebrews 11:39, that all the spiritual giants of faith,
including Enoch, have not, so far, received the promises–including the
promise of eternal life. Hebrews 11:13 specifically says: “These all
DIED in faith, not having received the promises…” Hebrews 9:27 tells
us that “it is appointed for men to die once.” 1 Corinthians 15:22 adds
that “in Adam ALL die.”
The Bible confirms that all of Christ’s
disciples would die “in Adam.” Some of Christ’s disciples will still be
alive when He returns–they will be changed, instantly, from matter to
spirit. But even they will “die” physically–their physical cells will
cease to exist, and they will be “clothed” from above with a spiritual
“tent” (2 Corinthians 5:1-4; 2 Peter 1:13-14). Christ also said that
many would die the death of a martyr. Christ prophesied that many would
be killed by misguided people (John 16:2). He stated that Peter would
die for God (John 21:18-19). The Two Witnesses will die (Revelation
11:7-10). Of course, even Jesus Christ died and remained dead in the
grave for three days and three nights.
When Christ said that we
will not “see” or “taste” death when we keep His Word, He made
reference, not to this physical death which we all experience, but to
eternal death. The Bible refers to this eternal death as the “second
death.” When we sin, we bring upon ourselves the penalty of eternal
death (Romans 6:23), but upon repentance and belief in Jesus Christ as
our Savior, we receive forgiveness and are freed from the penalty of
eternal death–because Christ died FOR US.
We read in John
3:14-16: “… the Son of Man [must] be lifted up, that whoever believes
in Him [Jesus Christ] should not perish but have eternal life. For God
[the Father] so loved the world that He gave His only begotten Son that
whoever believes in Him should not perish but have eternal life.”
Later, Christ confirmed that His disciples, as long as they are His
disciples, will never “perish”–that is, they will not die the “second”
or final death: “And I give them eternal life, and they shall never
perish” (John 10:28).
Note what the Bible tells us about the
“second death.” In Revelation 2:11 we read that “He who overcomes shall
not be hurt by the second death.” Revelation 20:6 says that those in
the “first resurrection”–which is a resurrection to eternal life–are
not affected by the second death. It says that “over such the second
death has no power.” On the other hand, those who refuse to repent and
to accept God’s forgiveness, WILL be destroyed in the gehenna
fire–they will die the second death: “Then Death and Hades were cast
into the lake of fire. This is the second death. And anyone not found
written in the Book of Life was cast into the lake of fire… But the
cowardly, unbelieving, abominable, murderers, sexually immoral,
sorcerers, idolaters, and all liars shall have their part in the lake
which burns with fire and brimstone, which is the second death”
(Revelation 20:14-15; 21:8).
Jesus Christ died the first death so
that we don’t have to die the second death–He did “taste death for
everyone” (Hebrews 2:9). Christ did not die the second or final death
from which there is no resurrection–as we all know, Christ WAS
resurrected from the dead to ETERNAL life after three days and three
nights in the grave. Hebrews 5:7 tells us that He, “in the days of His
flesh, when He had offered up prayers and supplications, with vehement
cries and tears to Him who was able to save Him from death,… was
heard because of His godly fear…” Christ was not saved from the first
death. But God the Father heard Him and saved Him from the second
death–that is, He gave Christ power not to sin and to stay obedient to
Him.
Christ came in the flesh to obey His Father’s command. He
said: “And I know that His command is everlasting life” (John 12:50).
Whatever Christ spoke and did, it was for the ultimate goal that man
could obtain everlasting life. John confirms God’s desire for man: “And
this is the promise that He has promised us–eternal life” (1 John
2:25). Titus 1:2 adds that we live “in hope of eternal life which God,
who cannot lie, promised before time began.”
But we are still
human beings–flesh and blood. We all will die “in Adam.” In order to
obtain God’s promise–eternal and everlasting life–we need to be
resurrected from this physical death, and changed into Spirit
beings–because once we are Spirit, we cannot die. Christ emphasized
this fact in Luke 20:35-37:
“… those who are counted worthy to
attain… the resurrection from the dead … [cannot] die anymore, for
they are equal to the angels and are sons of God, being sons of the
resurrection. But even Moses showed … that the dead are raised…”
And so, we read about Christ’s promise of our future resurrection to eternal life:
“…
the hour is coming in which all who are in the graves will hear His
voice and come forth–those who have done good, to the resurrection of
life…” (John 5:28-29). He added in John 6:39-40: “This is the will of
the Father who sent Me, that of all He has given Me I should lose
nothing, but should raise it up at the last day. And this is the will
of Him who sent Me, that everyone who sees the Son and believes in Him
may have everlasting life; and I will raise him up at the last day.” He
elaborated in John 6:54: “Whoever eats My flesh and drinks My blood
[symbolic for the bread and the wine during the annual Passover
service] has eternal life; and I will raise him up at the last day.”
But
why, then, do we read that even though we must be resurrected from the
dead, we already HAVE, RIGHT NOW, eternal life? Because the Bible makes
it very clear that Christ’s true disciples HAVE already ETERNAL life,
while still existing in this physical flesh, BEFORE they are
resurrected in the first resurrection.
In addition to some of the passages which we quoted above to this effect, please note these Scriptures:
John 6:47 says: “… he who believes in Me HAS everlasting life.”
1
John 5:11-13 adds: “… God HAS GIVEN US eternal life, and this life is
in His Son. He who has the Son HAS life… These things I have written
to you who believe in the name of the Son of God, that you may know
that you HAVE eternal life…”
The answer is, actually, quite
simple. Our inheritance of eternal life as immortal Spirit beings is a
future event, following our death and resurrection (Matthew 19:16;
25:46; Mark 10:30). Christ said in John 11:25-26: “I am the
resurrection and the life. He who believes in Me, THOUGH HE MAY DIE, he
shall live. And whoever lives and believes in Me shall never
die.” That is, even though we may die the first or physical
death, we shall never die the second, eternal or final death–a death
with eternal consequences.
At the same time, we HAVE eternal
life in us by virtue of God’s Holy Spirit that God has given us. Christ
said that the Holy Spirit would abide in us FOREVER (John 14:16). (We
hasten to point out that the Holy Spirit is NOT a Person, but the power
and mind of God, emanating from the Father and the Son. For more
information, please read our free booklet, “Is God a Trinity?”).
We also read that if we refuse to follow God and His commandments, and
if we hate our brethren, His Holy Spirit–that is, His “eternal
life”–will not continue to abide in us (1 John 3:15). But if we keep
His commandments and love our brethren, then His Holy Spirit will
continue to abide in us (1 John 3:24). We HAVE eternal life in us, when
God’s Holy Spirit dwells in us, because the Holy Spirit is an “eternal
Spirit” (Hebrews 9:14). In that sense, we have already passed from
death to life (1 John 3:14), and we will not come into a future
judgment (John 5:24)–that is, we will be resurrected to eternal life,
not to physical life with the possibility of failing (For further
information on the different resurrections, as taught in the Bible,
please read our free booklet, “Do We Have an Immortal Soul?”).
As
long as we keep God’s Word and do good (John 8:51; John 5:28-29); as
long as we love Christ (John 14:23), as long as we abide in Christ’s
love (John 15:10); as long as we really know God and do what He tells
us (John 17:3; 1 John 5:20); as long as we believe in Christ as our
Savior, Lord and Master whom we must obey (John 3:14; John 15:14); we
HAVE eternal life–through God’s Holy Spirit dwelling in us. And God
will resurrect us through His Spirit, as long as His Holy Spirit dwells
in us at the time of our death (Romans 8:11).
This does not
mean, however, that God’s Holy Spirit remains in our dead bodies, while
we are sleeping the sleep of death. Rather, God’s Holy Spirit will
return to God, together with the spirit in man, when man dies. God has
given every human being a human spirit which separates and
distinguishes man from animals (Zechariah 12:1; 1 Corinthians 2:11-12).
When man dies, the spirit of man leaves the human body and returns to
God (Ecclesiastes 3:21; 12:7). Converted Christians receive a portion
of God’s Holy Spirit (Acts 2:17-18; 1 John 4:13), and both the spirit
in man and God’s Holy Spirit “witness” that we have become God’s
(begotten) children (Romans 8:16). When a converted Christian dies, the
spirit in man, now made perfect through the Holy Spirit, returns to God
(Hebrews 12:23). God, through the power of His Holy Spirit, will
resurrect the Christian to eternal life, by using the spirit in man
which has “recorded” or preserved everything about the Christian (See
Q&A in Update #241, “Do You Teach a Resurrection of the Physical Body?”).
Christ’s
words in John 8:51 must be understood quite literally. As long as we
keep His Word, we will never see or experience death–the final or
second death. Rather, with God’s Holy Spirit dwelling in us, we have
received a “down payment” of eternal life (compare Ephesians 1:14–the
word “guarantee” can also mean “down payment” or “earnest.”). If we
continue to live God’s way of life, by following the lead of the Holy
Spirit in us (Romans 8:9, 14; Galatians 5:25), we “will of the Spirit
reap everlasting life” (Galatians 6:8)–by becoming born-again Spirit
beings in the Family of God.
Lead Writer: Norbert Link
Satan's Continual Attack on the Family of Man
On July 15, 2006, Edwin Pope will give the sermon, titled, “Satan’s Continual Attack on the Family of Man.”
The services can be heard at www.cognetservices.org at 12:30 pm Pacific Time (which is 2:30 pm Central Time). Just click on Connect to Live Stream.
Preaching the Gospel and Feeding the Flock
Our new booklet on prayer has entered the second review cycle.
The German translation of our booklet, “Is God a Trinity?” has been posted on our different Websites.
A
new curriculum guide for parents as a help to use in teaching the Bible
to their children has been completed and will be posted soon on our
Websites.
Who are the modern-day Gibeonites?
The Gibeonites, who belonged to the Hivites (who were descendants from Canaan, the son of Ham, 1 Chronicles 1:8, 13-15), were one of the peoples which had occupied the Promised Land, prior to Israel’s arrival (Exodus 3:8). God had commanded the Israelites not to make a covenant with any of these people. Rather, He wanted them expelled from the land (Exodus 23:28, 32-33). However, under Joshua, the Gibeonites, pretending to be a people from far away, tricked the Israelites into acting hastily by making a covenant with them to let them live amongst them (Joshua 9). In fact, the capital of the Gibeonites or Hivites was “Gibeon,” a town situated on a rocky eminence, about six miles northwest from Jerusalem and four miles from Bethel, where the modern village of El-Jib now stands (Commentary on the Whole Bible, by Jamieson, Fausset and Brown, page 174; Young’s Analytical Concordance to the Bible, under “Gibeon”).
Even though God had not desired of Israel to make a covenant with the Gibeonites, He held Israel responsible to be faithful to it. Under Joshua, the Gibeonites were made servants to the Levites, assisting them with work for the altar (Joshua 9:27). Four hundred years later, God was angry with King Saul and his sons for having killed Gibeonites, in violation of the promise that Israel had given to them at the time of Joshua (2 Samuel 21:1).
What happened subsequently to the descendants of the dark-skinned Gibeonites or Hivites? The Bible Story by Basil Wolverton, volume 4,1964, writes on page 62: “Today, the descendants of those ancient dark-skinned Hivites are called Falashas–meaning migrants–because they journeyed out of Palestine to Ethiopia to escape captivity when Israel was driven out of Palestine centuries later.”
It is interesting to learn more about this remarkable journey, and what is known today of the Gibeonites. We are told the Gibeonites or Falashas went to Ethiopia. There was also a small Jewish religious group known as Beta Israel or Falasha, in the northwest of Ethiopia.
The “Encyclopedia Britannica,” volume 9, 1959, adds, under “Falashas,” remarkable information, showing the mixture of error and truth of the traditions of the modern-day Gibeonites. It is obvious that many of their traditions, true or false, were adopted by their close contact with the Israelites:
“Falashas, or Jews of Abyssinia [Abyssinia is a former designation of Ethiopia], a tribe of Hamitic stock… who profess the Jewish religion and claim to be descended from the ten tribes banished from the Holy Land… the Falashas know nothing of… the Talmud, make no use of phylacteries… and observe neither the feast of Purim nor the dedication of the temple [the Jewish feast of Hanukkah]. They possess… books of the Old Testament [which are written in the Ethiopian language]; a volume of extracts from the Pentateuch, with comments given to Moses by God on Mount Sinai… [and] the laws of the Sabbath… A copy of the… Mosaic law is kept in the holy of holies in every synagogue… Priests are allowed to marry once only, and no one is admitted into the order who has eaten bread with a Christian… Fasts, obligatory on all above seven years of age, are held on every Monday and Thursday, on every new moon and at the passover… The annual festivals are the passover, the harvest feast, the… Feast of tabernacles… the day of covenant or assembly, and Abraham’s day… The Falashas live for the most part in villages of their own, or, if settled in a Christian or Mohammedan town, occupy a separate quarter. Their own kings, they [believe], were descended from David, but in 1800, the royal race became extinct… They do not mix with the Abyssinians, and never marry women from alien religions… Polygamy is not practiced; early marriages are rare and their morals are generally better than those of their Christian masters.”
The “Compton Encyclopedia” adds further details about the modern-day Gibeonites, even calling them, “Jewish.” We read, under “Falasha”:
“Falasha (or Beta Israel), a Jewish Hamitic people of Ethiopia… use [a] Bible and a prayer book written in… the ancient Ethiopian language; follow Jewish traditions including circumcision, observing the Sabbath, attending synagogue and following certain dietary and purity laws; in 1975 [they were] recognized by the chief Rabbinate as Jews, and [with Israeli military assistance,] allowed to [migrate to] Israel; in 1984-85 [during the Ethiopian civil war] thousands of Falashas resettled to Israel from refugee camps in Sudan as part of the Israeli government’s ‘Operation Moses’ and the US government’s ‘Operation Sheba.'”
Bartleby.com, in its article, “Falashas,” says: “A second airlift of more than 14,000 occurred in May, 1991, bringing [the] total in Israel to more than 70,000.”
We are also advised by the San Diego Union Tribune, in an article of February 1, 2005, that by the end of 2007, Israel intends to bring to the Promised Land the last known 20,000 Ethiopians claiming to be Falashas with strong ties to Judaism, dating back more than 2000 years.
This means that by then, some of the modern tribes of the houses of Israel and Judah–the United States of America and the Jewish people–will have assisted approximately 90,000 modern-day Gibeonites or Falashas resettling to the state of Israel. (For more information on the identity of the modern houses of Israel and Judah, read our free booklet, “The Fall and Rise of Britain and America.”)
It is truly remarkable how God saw to it that Israel’s covenant with the Gibeonites, which was made at the time of Joshua, would be kept and fulfilled in these last days.
Lead Writers: Norbert Link and Bill Grams
